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About the Cambridge Group

About the Cambridge Group

The Cambridge Group for the History of Population & Social Structure turns 60 this year. Since its founding in 1964, members of the Group have made a spectacular series of discipline-transforming contributions to social science history. These include: reconstructing the population history of England over the last 500 years; delineating occupational change in the English economy over the same period; and reconfiguring our understanding of historical household structures, welfare systems, transport, and energy use.

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The occupational structure of Britain 1379-1911

The occupational structure of Britain 1379-1911

This research program directed by Leigh Shaw-Taylor and Amy Erickson aims ultimately to reconstruct the evolution of the occupational structure of Britain from the late medieval period down to the early twentieth century.

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Population

Population

Our research seeks to understand the demographic pressures and choices people in past societies experienced, from the medieval period to the recent past. We focus primarily on the population history of the world's first industrial nation, Britain, understood within the context of European and global developments.

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Economy

Economy

Radical changes in the form and location of economic activity, income and wealth have occurred in Britain and Europe in various phases from Medieval times up to the present. These affected personal economic opportunity, the occupational choices of the population, their welfare, mobility, skills, consumption and demographic structures. These in turn influenced the development of business growth and innovation, and the economies of localities, regions and nations.

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Society

Society

Welfare systems both past and present rely upon a combination of support supplied by kin and charity, either legally enforced or voluntary. This research theme is concerned with exploring the demographic, legal and economic underpinnings of past welfare regimes in order to throw light on the different strategies which societies have adopted to support their most vulnerable members. More broadly, this research theme encompasses the economic and social implications of demographic change.

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New philanthropic funding for Campop

17th October, 2024

 

A research project, New Frontiers in Demographic History, led by Simon Szreter and Kevin Schurer, has been supported by a generous donation from Mr Fu Shan. This project will undertake research utilising the Integrated Census Microdata (I-CeM), a digitised database of UK censuses 1851-1921.

Top CAMPOP stories of 2024

6th January, 2025

 

Cambridge's top stories in 2024 included CAMPOP experts busting myths about family, sex, marriage and work in English history.

Sex before marriage was unusual in the past – myth! The rich have always outlived the poor – myth!

The Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure (CAMPOP) have busted some of the biggest myths about life in England since the Middle Ages, challenging assumptions about everything from life expectancy to migration.

Transport and urban growth in the First Industrial Revolution

19th December, 2024

 

The Industrial Revolution led to dramatic economic changes which persist to the present day. A new paper from Eduard J Alvarez-Palau, Dan Bogart, Max Satchell, and Leigh Shaw-Taylor, focuses on urban areas in England and Wales - the birthplace of the First Industrial Revolution - and investigates the role of early transport improvements, such as improvements to rivers and roads, building canals, and reducing sailing costs.

Award for Emily Chung

17th September, 2024

 

Congratulations to Campop PhD student Emily Chung, who has been awarded the Student Prize for Pre-1900 Topics at the 2024 European Association of Urban Historians Conference in Ostrava. Emily is currently writing up a short version of her conference paper for the Campop blog.

60 things you didn't know about family, marriage, work, and death since the middle ages

11th July, 2024

 

Launching on World Population Day (and also, by coincidence, our 60th anniversary): a new blog from the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure busts some of the biggest myths about life in England from the Middle Ages to today. New blog posts challenge common assumptions about everything, from sex before marriage to migration and the health/wealth gap.

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  • 4th February 2025:
    Gender and the politics of the 'white working class': A feminist history of Brexit Britain. Details…
  • 5th February 2025:
    People, places, and peers - fertility trajectories in Derbyshire, 1881-1911.​ ​. Details…
  • 13th February 2025:
    What can probate inventories tell us about grain storage in the early modern period?. Details…
  • 19th February 2025:
    Progress in the pipeline: cholera, politics and the waterworks revolution in Germany.​. Details…
  • 27th February 2025:
    Title to be confirmed. Details…
  • 5th March 2025:
    Transport and the transmission of plague across settlements in early modern England.​. Details…
  • 13th March 2025:
    Credit, Debt, and Personal Failure in the English and New York Courts of Chancery, 1674-1800. Details…
  • 18th March 2025:
    Corrective violence and labour discipline in early modern England. Details…
  • 19th March 2025:
    Mortality in the century of apartheid, 1940-1970: spatial and racial inequalities in mortality and doctors during the antibiotic transition.​. Details…
  • 30th April 2025:
    Pan-European efforts to unionize survey interviewers in the 1970s. Details…
  • 3rd June 2025:
    The culture of defense: Trade unionism, the arms trade, and the subject of labor history in neoliberal Britain. Details…