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English peasants « Top of the Campops: 60 things you didn't know about family, marriage, work, and death since the middle ages

Top of the Campops: 60 things you didn't know about family, marriage, work, and death since the middle ages

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Posts Tagged ‘English peasants’

Peasants and the law in medieval England

Thursday, April 10th, 2025

Chris Briggs

How should we characterise interactions between ordinary medieval folk and the law? The topic might conjure up images of draconian punishments for petty crimes, or the arbitrary treatment of villagers at the hands of landlords and sheriffs, perhaps influenced by the legends of Robin Hood.

One might imagine, too, that if things were bad for medieval England’s peasantry in general, then the experiences before the law of that subset of the peasantry who were unfree serfs (or villeins) must have been even worse. Even if you don’t believe that law was an instrument of class oppression in the past, you might still assume that the structures of the law were designed primarily to meet the needs of those who had most wealth and influence. 

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Who had access to common land?

Thursday, February 6th, 2025

Leigh Shaw-Taylor

Common land was once very widespread, before being swept away by a process known as enclosure (discussed further below). In 1500, perhaps 50 percent of England and Wales was common land. There is a popular conception that this common land could be used by everyone, or at least by the whole village community. But as we will see, this is a highly misleading perspective. 

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Why were Hansel and Gretel not English?

Thursday, August 29th, 2024

Romola Davenport

Berhardina Midderigh-Bokhorst and Smith’s Fine Arts Publishing N.V. – The Hague. Hansel and Gretel (1937). Image credit: Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum.

In the story of Hansel and Gretel, a famine drives a father to abandon his children in the woods, where they discover a house made of gingerbread and a cannibal witch. In the Magic Porridge Pot tale, a young girl forced by poverty to search for food in the woods and hedgerows is given a magic pot that produces abundant staple food on command.

These types of stories about hunger and famine abound in the folklore of most European societies, and embody folk memories of food scarcity. However, as the historian John Walter noted, these tropes are curiously absent from English fairy tales. Why? 

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